Improvement in radiators



E. a 1. BOURNE.

Steam Radiator.

Patented Aug. 5, 1862.

. series of stays to enable the sheets to withstand `tight joint at theedges of the sheets where vUNITED STATES t PATENT Orr-ICE.

IMPROVEMENT IN RADIATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 36,068, dated August 5,1862.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD Bounnn and JOHN BoURNE, of the city ofPittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Radiators; and we do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionvthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which formpart of this specification, and to the letters of reference markedthereon.

Our invention relates to an improvementin that class of radiators (usedfor warming) wherein steam is admitted at a very low temperature betweentwo thin metallic sheets placed one over the other, having their edgessecurely fastened together, while the body of the sheets are separatedjust suiicient to allow of a free circulation of steam, which isconducted therein by means of suitable pipes.

The improvement we have made consists in the applicationand use of shorttapering tubes or lines (open at both ends) passing transversely throughthe sheets, and secured therein iu such a manner as that, While theyform a the outward pressure of the steam, they are also intended moreparticularly to act as passages for the atmosphere as it becomes heatedat the back of the radiator to escape through to the front, instead ofascending up the wall near which the radiator may be placed, and causesa better distribution ofthe air as it loecomes heated in an apartment itis desirable to warm than can be accomplished by a radiator wherein noopenings are provided for the air to pass through.

Another part of our improvement consists in combining with a radiatorconstructed in the manner as hereinbefore stated vertical steam-pipespassing up and down the back of the radiator, and connected therewithneareach edge, and communicating with the space between the sheetsthrough the openings formed at each point of intersection in the pipes,for the purpose of conducting the steam uniformly and rapidly to eachpart of the ra diator, and also as a means of stiflening the sheets byacting as braces thereto.

Another part of our invention consists'in the means we employ to make aperfectly steamthey are riveted together. To accomplish this, one of thesheets is made smaller in size than the other, so that the edge of onesheet projects about one-quarter of an inch beyond that of the one to beriveted to it. Between the two We place a strip of gum-packing, and theedge of the largest sheet is then turned or doubled down upon the gum,and the Whole riveted together. This plan of turning one of the sheetsover the packing prevents it from being forced out by the operation ofriveting, or driven out by the steam when admitted at full pressure tothe radiator. To produce an increased stiffness at the edge of thesheets and also give a greater bearing to the rivets, we surround thewhole edge with narrow halfround iron on each side, and pass the rivetsthrough this, as a better security to the parts. To enable othersskilled in the art to understand and make our invention, we will proceedto describe the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents avertical front view of our improved radiator. Fig. 2 shows an invertedback view of the saine. Fig. 3 represents an enlarged transverse sectionof Fig. l, and shows more fully our improvements. v All the drawings arelettered, and similar letters indicate like parts on all the figures.

To construct a radiator in accordance with our invention, the sheets Abeing prepared by straightening and cutting to the proper size andshape, a series of holes are punched in each sheet correspondingv insize and place in both. In the holes so punched short conical orfunnel-shaped tubes er ilues d d cl d d are inserted in the holes in thefront sheet, where they are held from slipping through by a iiange ontheir outer ends. After all the iiues are inserted in place in the frontsheet, a washer, L L, Fig. 3, of the depth it is desirable to have thespace between the sheets, is placed over each iiue. The back sheet isnow placed in position, the dues projecting far enough through thissheet to receive another washer, K K, Fig. 3, which is placed on the endof the projecting tlues. The fines are now burred or calked down uponthe washers, firmly securing the parts together in a manner that forms aperfect steam-tight joint around each flue. The short steam-pipes s s ss s s being of the requisite length, the ends are furnished with a shortelbow, n n a n n n. These are secured to the sheets by means of hollowscrew-caps N N N N N N passing through the outside row of holes made ineach sheet and tting in a female screw in the elbows. The hollow of thescrew-caps form a communication between the pipes and the space in theradiator through small openings 7L h h h, Fig. 3, which allows the steamto pass from one part of the radiator to another regardless of the airthat it may contain. The `pipes being secured in place, the edges of thesheets are next brought together, and a gum packingtape, w m, Fig. 3, isinserted between them. The projecting edge of the largest sheet is thenturned or doubled down to hold the packing in place, as hereinbeforestated. A piece of half-round iron, B B, is placed on each side of thejoint and secured thereto by rivets g g, Fig. 3, passing through theparts, binding them together and forming a steam-tight joint of the mostsubstantial kind.

The steam is conveyed to the radiator through the supply-pipe t t,attached to the radiator through one ofthe elbows at the lower corner.rlhis pipe is provided with a stopcock, p, for regulating the quantityof steam to be admitted. The steam being used at such a low pressure,all the water that forms by condensation in the radiator is conveyedback to the generator by the same pipe. On the opposite corner to thatWhere the supply-pipe connects is an air-key, C, communicating with theinterior of the radiator through the small pipe r. This controls theaction of the steam by retaining or allowing the air in the radiator toescape.

Having thus described our improvements in radiators, what we claimis- 1. The application and use of short conical or funnel-shaped airtubes or flues d d d d d d, passing transversely through the steam-spacebetween the sheets forming the radiator, in the manner and for thepurpose as hereinbefore stated.

2. Combining with a radiator formed of thin metallic sheets a series ofsteam-pipes, s s s s s s, having openings h h h h, Fig. 3, communicating with the space between the sheets for the purpose of conducting thesteam rapidly to all parts of the radiator, and also as a means ofstiffening the sheets by acting as braces thereto, as herein set forth.

EDWARD BOURNE. JOHN BOURNE. Witnesses:

J. W. ELLs, J oHN MCKENNA'.

